8 Oz Green Gas Can Airsoft
8 Oz Green Gas Can Airsoft
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special furnishings and makeup tricks that brought some of the world's favorite picture characters to life, The Sorcerer of Oz (1939) had and then much going on backside the emerald curtain and the Technicolor gloss of an amazing fantasy world.
In honor of the 80th ceremony of the film, follow the yellow brick slideshow to peek behind that curtain and learn more near the secrets and fun facts that make the dearest film a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Before the Film
As a self-proclaimed lifelong fan of L. Frank Baum'southward Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to be considered for a part in the 1939 flick adaptation. Hamilton called her agent to enquire which character the producers wanted her to play, and her agent famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a single mother, fought MGM for an agreed upon amount of guaranteed piece of work time. Iii days before filming began, the studio agreed to a five-week bargain. In the end, Hamilton was on set for three months, just many of her scenes were cutting for being too scary for audiences.
Sure, Dorothy Gale doesn't demand prosthetics or aluminum makeup, but that doesn't mean Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume section wringer. Although she was young at the time, the 16-twelvemonth-onetime Garland had to wear a corset-like device so she looked more like a preadolescent child.
Managing director Richard Thorpe suggested Garland wearable a blonde wig and loads of "infant-doll" makeup (as any preadolescent daughter would…). Luckily, that vision of the grapheme changed. Afterwards MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate director George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to be herself. Smart motility.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Great Motion picture Magic
The Wizard of Oz employs a lot of great film tricks, and some of the almost unique were used in the skywriting scene. In information technology, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies above the Emerald Urban center, leaving the phrase "Give up Dorothy" in her wake in black smoke.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special furnishings team spread black ink across the bottom of a drinking glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in reverse and filmed the scene from below. Initially, the skywriting ended with the ominous "Or Die — West W West."
The "Snow" in the Poppy Field Was Really Unsafe
One of the Wicked Witch'southward last-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy's quest to run across the Wonderful Magician of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical sleep-inducing snow. While many like to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the upshot of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more than blatant toxic connectedness than that.
All that magical snow? Information technology'southward actually 100% industrial-grade chrysotile asbestos. Fifty-fifty though the wellness risks associated with the cloth were known at the time, it was still Hollywood's preferred pick for imitation snow. Our advice to Dorothy? Don't grab any snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow'southward Makeup Stuck Around for Awhile
In the stop, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful in more ways than one for Buddy Ebsen (the original Tin Man's) willingness to merchandise parts with him. The Tin Homo's aluminum makeup caused a huge corporeality of problems for Ebsen, who was replaced by Jack Haley.
Although Bolger'southward makeup feel was amend than Ebsen's, he however had some issues. The Scarecrow'south makeup consisted of a rubber prosthetic, complete with a woven pattern that mimicked the look of burlap. Later the film wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger's face that took more than a yr to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Set
In a burst of flames and carmine smoke, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, it may take instilled more fear for Hamilton. On the start take, the smoke rose from a hidden trapdoor besides early.
For the second have, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor as planned, but her cape snagged on the platform when the fire flared upwards. Her copper-containing makeup heated upwards instantly, causing second- and third-degree burns on her hands and face up. To make matters worse, the crew tried to remedy her burns with (an fifty-fifty more painful) acetone solvent.
The Flying Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch'southward legion of flying monkeys — or Winged Monkeys as they're called in the source material — have certainly been a source of terror for generations. Almost as scary every bit the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — cheers to the magic of piano wires.
Notwithstanding, the aerial stunt went awry when several of the piano wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few feet to the soundstage floor. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cutting down on human marionettes), filmmakers made miniature prophylactic monkeys to assistance populate the sky.
"Over the Rainbow" Was About on the Cut Room Floor
To no one's surprise, the American Flick Institute ranked "Over the Rainbow" #one on a list of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. But what may surprise you? The (arguably) most iconic vocal of Judy Garland'south career was virtually cut from the moving picture.
Studio execs at MGM thought the song made the Kansas scenes too long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't empathise the vocal'due south meaning. Luckily, this unfounded business organization melted like lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland's tearful reprise of the song was left on the cut room flooring.
The Tin Man Costume Didn't Allow Jack Haley to Rest Easy
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep around in a 90-pound lion costume, Jack Haley didn't accept it like shooting fish in a barrel either. From the lingering concerns nigh the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face and hands to the minimal flexibility of the "tin" torso and artillery, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was so stiff that he had to lean confronting a lath to rest properly. Many years later, actor Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the same issue with his rigid costume. It seems fifty-fifty fantasy and sci-fi can't help folks escape all their problems.
The Original Can Homo Was Rushed to the Hospital
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was cast equally the Scarecrow, merely traded parts with Ray Bolger. Nevertheless, Ebsen'southward new grapheme, the Tin Human being, caused him a world of bug. Namely, the graphic symbol's silverish makeup contained a harmful aluminum grit that coated Ebsen's lungs.
To make matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to breathe, he was rushed to the infirmary. MGM recast the function with Jack Haley (and changed up the makeup), but didn't explain why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't appear in the final moving picture, his vocals can exist heard in "We're Off to Meet the Sorcerer."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave Us the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is total of practical special effects that really hold up. The funnel itself was actually a 35-foot long stocking made of muslin. The special effects team spun it around miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Against the painted backdrop, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale house, which falls from the heaven and into Oz, is but a miniature house that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers and so reversed the footage to brand information technology expect like the business firm was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Up Then Either
Pay inequality has always been an effect in Hollywood. For example, Adriana Caselotti, voice of the titular character in Walt Disney's Snow White and the Vii Dwarfs (1937), made $970 for her operation. The film went on to make roughly $8 million.
Co-ordinate to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland's pay was better than Caselotti's — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a week — but information technology withal didn't reverberate the flick'southward success. Even more than discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $50 per week. (Meanwhile, Terry the dog earned $125 per calendar week as Toto. A real yikes.)
Bert Lahr'south Lion Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM thought it might cast its mascot — the actual king of beasts used in the studio'south title card — equally the cowardly character. Fortunately, for the safety of the actors and the animal, the filmmakers decided to cast histrion Bert Lahr as the anthropomorphic character instead.
To make a convincing creature, the costume section fashioned Lahr a 90-pound outfit made from real lion pare. Even so, the arc lights used on set made things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his character's nerves. Each night, ii stagehands stale the costume for the next day.
The Initial Box Role Returns Were Uneven
The film started shooting in October of 1938 just didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking up an unheard of $ii,777,000 in costs. That's near $fifty one thousand thousand adjusted for inflation. Upon its initial release, the film merely earned $three million at the box office — almost $51.8 million by today's standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Depression-era picture show, remember that Disney fabricated $eight meg with Snowfall White and the 7 Dwarfs (1937). The Wizard of Oz's modest success in the U.S. barely covered production and flick rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — merely success overseas fortunately bolstered the film's returns.
The Dark Side of Oz in a Time Before "Me As well"
Judy Garland was only 16 years old when she was bandage equally Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became addicted to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were often given to young actors to help them sleep after studios shot them up with adrenaline and then they could work long hours.
The spotlight — and her damaging contract with MGM — didn't help, leading to her lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a writer for Express, "[Garland] was molested past older men, including studio chiefs [and head Louis B. Mayer], who considered her niggling more than their 'property.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy diet of cigarettes, coffee and chicken soup.
The Vocalization of Snowfall White Had a Cameo
A few years earlier The Magician of Oz debuted, Walt Disney's feature-length animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) became a smash-hit. Non merely did the picture revolutionize the animation industry, it also reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow up Snow White — then the most successful moving picture of all time — with an accommodation of The Magician of Oz, but MGM owned the rights. By happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snowfall White, had an uncredited role in Oz. During the Can Man's "If I But Had a Middle," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore fine art thou Romeo?"
The Ruby-red Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the book, Dorothy's iconic footwear was originally silver, but screenwriter Noel Langley felt the red color would really popular in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM's chief costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in near 2,300 sequins.
One of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Establishment's National Museum of American History. Since the display is so heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the rug there several times. Another pair were stolen from Minnesota's Judy Garland Museum in 2005, simply the FBI recovered the slippers for the institution in 2018.
Only I Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Wizard of Oz is your classic adventure story, and Dorothy's quest leads her from a Kansas farm to some other world — complete with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. However, despite all these scenic locations, nearly all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
As was customary at the time, immense, detailed backdrops were painted past studio artists, making it possible for filmmakers to transport audiences to far away places without filming on location. In fact, the only location footage in the motion picture is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the existent deal.
A Second Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is one of the most dearest dogs in film history. Terry was famously not a huge fan of special effects and tin often be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — similar when the Tin can Man spouts out all of that steam.
After one of the Witch's guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for two weeks. Filmmakers went through two doubles to find i that resembled the original canine actor more than closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was so fond of Terry that she wanted to adopt the canis familiaris.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In addition to being a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton also believed her graphic symbol was more than only your run-of-the-mill evil villain. More than 35 years later the picture show debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch's costume to show kids it was make-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her about the character.
According to Hamilton, the so-called Wicked Witch relished everything she did, but she was besides a lamentable, lone figure. In curt, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly enough, the Broadway musical Wicked also takes this approach to the Witch's graphic symbol.
The "Horse of a Different Color" Was Fabricated Possible Thanks to a Food Product
In 1939, audiences were just as amazed as Dorothy, Scarecrow, Can Homo and the Cowardly King of beasts when the horse in Emerald City took on a rainbow of colors. This "horse of a different color" was made possible thanks to a surprising food item…
Jell-O crystals were used to color the horses, which meant filmmakers had to motility quickly — the animals were eager to lick up the sweet treat. Merely the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The equus caballus-drawn carriage was once owned by President Abraham Lincoln and now resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Department Hired on Extra Easily
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald City to the Witch'due south flying monkeys, so many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in order to requite life to this fantasy film. To keep up with the daily demands, MGM called upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since most of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming assembly line. Almost actors had to arrive before 5:00 in the morning — six days a week! — to brainstorm the intensive process.
Memorable (& Oft Misquoted) Lines Make full the Moving-picture show
The pic is clogged of iconic, memorable songs, and it has the smashing fortune of beingness responsible for some of the most quoted lines in picture history besides. In 2007, Premiere compiled a listing of "The 100 Greatest Film Lines" and placed a whopping 3 of the moving-picture show's lines on the list.
"Pay no attention to that man behind the drape" was voted #24, while "There's no place like abode" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the frequently misquoted "Toto, I accept a feeling nosotros're non in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch's Fire Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Clearly, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the movie is incredible. Like the "horse of a different color" sequence, some other iconic, special effects-heavy scene harnessed the power of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Shortly afterward Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the ruddy slippers from the immature girl'due south anxiety. Nonetheless, burn strikes the Witch's hands, repelling her. This "fire" is really apple tree juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-up clip to make it expect more than flame-like.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Department
Experimenting with Technicolor was part fun and part problem-solving for filmmakers. In club to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor camera, the soundstage needed to be lit with arc lights, which often heated the gear up to a toasty 100 degrees.
After the lights were prepare, the experts experimented with what would await best on film, especially in colorized form. For instance, the white function of Dorothy's clothes is actually pinkish — merely because it filmed ameliorate. And the oil the Tin Human being is then excited about? It'south actually chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the East Makes More than Than One Appearance
Part of the Wicked Witch of the Westward'south beefiness with Dorothy is that the immature girl dropped a house on her sister, the Wicked Witch of the East, who was the brusk-lived owner of the ruby slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the West and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she as well plays the Wicked Witch of the Eastward — if only briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an befuddled Dorothy looks out her bedroom window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch outside the window is wearing the ruby slippers. The restored version of the film makes that shimmer even more noticeable.
The Film'due south Running Time Was Cut Down Several Times
The first cutting of the film clocked in at a running time of 120 minutes. Although that seems like null by today's Marvel movie standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt it was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off twenty minutes.
After cutting the famed "Jitterbug" number (top right) and an extended Scarecrow dance sequence, the film was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a second preview screening, and, afterwards, nixed Dorothy'due south "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald Urban center reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Dead," a scene where the Tin can Man becomes a human beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
So Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers deemed Margaret Hamilton's Wicked Witch of the West operation too frightening for audiences and cutting or trimmed many of her scenes. But not everyone thought her operation was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch'southward nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the film'due south starring foes were actually friends. One story that emerged from the gear up described Garland excitedly showing off a dress to Hamilton, declaring she was going to wear it for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM's Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a press tour the day of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," as opposed to the more apt "Color Sequences by Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes information technology seem as though the entire picture show was shot in color. Was this done deliberately, or was it a minor syntactical simulated pas?
It's widely believed this was a bit of a stunt washed to enhance the surprise of the motion-picture show turning into total three-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters made at the time of the picture's debut fabricated no mention of sepia tint (or "blackness-and-white"), adding credence to this theory.
1 of History'due south Most-Watched Films
Although The Sorcerer of Oz proved pop in theaters, another film released the same twelvemonth, also directed by Victor Fleming, actually topped the box role. (You may take heard of that little pic — it's called Gone with the Air current.) Even so, MGM'due south musical fantasy may accept more staying ability than other films of the era, cheers in part to re-releases.
The film was first broadcast on television on Nov 3, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 1000000 viewers. It'due south believed that The Magician of Oz is one of the 10 most-watched feature-length movies in film history, largely due to the number of annual tv set screenings, theater viewings and various format re-releases.
8 Oz Green Gas Can Airsoft
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